Bone Marrow Aspiration & Trephine Biopsy Procedure

Contents

• Indications
• Preparing the patient
• Contraindications
• Instruments
• Procedure
• Transporting the specimen
• Complications

Indication for Bone Marrow Aspiration

• Diagnostic :
  • Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
  • Aplastic Anemia
  • Leukemia
  • Megaloblastic Anemia
  • Infections e.g. Kala Azar
  • Storage disorders e.g. Gaucher’s disease
  • Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO)
  • Myelofibrosis
• Therapeutic :
  • Bone Marrow Transplantation

Contraindication for Bone Marrow Aspiration

• Hemorrhagic disorders such as congenital coagulation factor deficiencies (eg, hemophilia), disseminated intravascular coagulation, and concomitant use of anticoagulants.
• Skin infection or recent radiation therapy at the sampling site.
• Bone disorders such as Osteomyelitis or Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

Complications of Bone Marrow Aspiration

• Hemorrhage
• Infection
• Persistent pain at the marrow site
• Retroperitoneal hematomas
• Trauma to neighboring structures (e.g., lacerations of a branch of the gluteal artery) and soft tissues