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Bone Marrow Aspiration & Trephine Biopsy Procedure

Contents

  • Indications
  • Preparing the patient
  • Contraindications
  • Instruments
  • Procedure
  • Transporting the specimen
  • Complications

Indication for Bone Marrow Aspiration

  • Diagnostic :
    • Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
    • Aplastic Anemia
    • Leukemia
    • Megaloblastic Anemia
    • Infections e.g. Kala Azar
    • Storage disorders e.g. Gaucher’s disease
    • Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO)
    • Myelofibrosis
  • Therapeutic :
    • Bone Marrow Transplantation

Contraindication for Bone Marrow Aspiration

  • Hemorrhagic disorders such as congenital coagulation factor deficiencies (eg, hemophilia), disseminated intravascular coagulation, and concomitant use of anticoagulants.
  • Skin infection or recent radiation therapy at the sampling site.
  • Bone disorders such as Osteomyelitis or Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

Complications of Bone Marrow Aspiration

  • Hemorrhage
  • Infection
  • Persistent pain at the marrow site
  • Retroperitoneal hematomas
  • Trauma to neighboring structures (e.g., lacerations of a branch of the gluteal artery) and soft tissues
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