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Hyperkalemia Mnemonic

Mnemonic for Hyperkalemia

It can be a little difficult to remember everything about Hyperkalemia. In this article, we have stated some Mnemonics which are popular and useful mnemonics to remember some important theories related to Hyperkalemia.

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Causes of Hyperkalemia Mnemonic – MACHINE

  • M – Medications – ACE Inhibitors, NSAIDS, potassium-sparing diuretics

  • A – Acidosis – Metabolic and respiratory

  • C – Aellular destruction – burns, traumatic injury, hemolysis

  • H – Hypoaldosteronism –  Addison’s

  • I – Intake – Excessive intake

  • N – Nephrons – Renal failure

  • E – Excretion – Impaired Excretion

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Causes of Hyperkalemia Mnemonic – MOTHER

  • M – Metabolic acidosis, Medications (ACE-Inhibtors, Beta blockers)

  • O – Overestimated potassium (Pseudohyperkalemia), Over tissue catabolism, Overdose of Digitalis

  • T – Tumor Lysis Syndrome, Trauma

  • H – Hypoaldosteronism, Hemolysis

  • E – Excessive Intake

  • R – Renal failure, Rhabdonlyolysis

Drugs causing Hyperkalemia mnemonic – THANKS Cycle

  • T – Trimethoprim

  • H – Heparin

  • A – ACE Inhibitors/ARBs

  • N – NSAIDs

  • K – K+ Sparing Diuretics

  • S – Succinylcholine 

  • Cycle – Cyclosporin

  •  

Hyperkalemia signs & symptoms mnemonic – MURDER

  • M – Muscle weakness

  • U – Urin output reduces(Renal failure)

  • R – Respiratory failure

  • D – Decreased cardiac contractility

  • E – Early muscle twitches / cramps

  • R – Rythm changes (Tall T waves in ECG)

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Hyperkalemia ECG changes mnemonic – TPRSA

  • T – Tall Tented T waves

  • P – P wave widening/ Flatting & PR Prolongation

  • R – QRS complex widening

  • S – Sine wave pattern

  • A – Asystole

Hyperkalemia Mnemonic rish academy The push-pull effect
Hypokalaemia: T wave inversion and prominent U waves

Hyperkalemia Treatment mnemonic – C BIG K DROP

  • C – Calcium: Calcium gluconate (10%) 10 mL IV over 10 min. Calcium is a – cardiac stabilizer.

  • B – Beta agonists: Salbutamol 10 – 20 mg in 4 mL normal saline nebulized over 10 min
          or
          Bicarbonate: sodium bicarbonate 8.4% (50 mEq) 1 ampoule IV over 5 minutes

  • I – Insulin: Short acting Insulin 10 units IV push

  • G – Glucose: D50W 1 ampoule IV over 5 minute given with insulin. Insulin causes – temporary intracellular shift and glucose is given to maintain blood glucose levels.

  • K – Kayexalate: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate 15-30 g in 15-30 mL (70% sorbitol). Kayexalate may facilitate – gastrointestinal removal.

  • D – Diuretics: Furosemide 40-80 mg IV push. This facilitates – renal removal.

  • ROP –  “Renal unit for dialysis Of Patient”

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